As a pediatric practice owner, you've likely noticed an increase in cases of human parvovirus B19 (also known as parvovirus B19) in your community. This highly contagious virus has been on the rise, with cases spiking in Europe earlier this year and now spreading across the United States. The disease is particularly infectious among children, including in schools and day cares. Here’s what we know so far about the virus’s momentum and steps you can take to protect your community, patients, and staff.
In a health advisory issued in August 2024, the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) outlined the rising spread of human parvovirus B19 in the U.S. Unlike many other infectious diseases, parvovirus B19 is not a notifiable condition, meaning the U.S. does not actively monitor or track its spread nationwide. However, the data we do have is concerning - antibody levels in American adults have risen from less than 3% in 2022 to 10% as of June 2024, while in children, the increase has been even more dramatic, jumping from 15% to 40% in the same time period.
The virus is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, meaning patients can spread it whether or not they show symptoms. Studies suggest you have up to a 50% chance of contracting parvovirus B19 from an infected household member, and a 20-50% risk of transmission in school or daycare settings.
Parvovirus B19 infections typically begin with a week of fever, malaise, and muscle aches, followed by the development of the classic "slapped cheek" rash in children. Interestingly, patients are most contagious during the initial symptomatic phase, before the rash appears.
Unfortunately, no vaccine or specific treatment is currently recommended for parvovirus B19 beyond supportive care. While most patients recover with supportive care or no treatment, this is especially concerning for immunocompromised patients, who face greater risks from the virus. The virus is transmissible through pregnancy to the fetus, with a risk for fetal anemia.
As a pediatric practice, it's important for you to be aware of the parvovirus B19 trends in your area and educate your staff and patients accordingly. Emphasize the importance of hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette, and staying home when sick. Be prepared to recognize the symptoms and provide guidance to concerned parents.
Awareness is as useful a tool in prevention as masks and hand hygiene! Help your staff and patients recognize the symptoms of the virus, manage spread in the home and places children spend their days, and keep your community healthy. PCC is here to help. PCC users can rely on tools such as Broadcast Messaging to keep families informed, telemedicine scheduling and billing tools, and more. Don’t forget to bill for phone and portal messages, too. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) also recommends the following resources from the CDC for provider and patient awareness:
